What is the secondary maximum contaminant level (SMCL) for fluoride in water?

The secondary maximum contaminant level (SMCL) for fluoride in water is set at 2 parts per million (ppm). This level is established by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) as a guideline to protect aesthetic qualities of drinking water, such as taste and odor, rather than direct health risks. Fluoride is naturally occurring in water but can contribute to dental health issues, particularly in excessive amounts, leading to conditions like dental fluorosis.

Setting the SMCL at 2 ppm helps ensure that water remains within safe aesthetic standards while minimizing any potential health impacts associated with excessive fluoride levels. This standard reflects a balanced approach to managing fluoride levels in public water supplies, providing guidance for water treatment facilities on maintaining safe and enjoyable drinking water for consumers.