What is the minimum pressure required in a water distribution system during peak flow?

In water distribution systems, maintaining adequate pressure is essential for ensuring that water can be effectively delivered to users, especially during peak flow conditions. The minimum pressure required during peak flow is commonly set at 20 psi to ensure sufficient water supply and to prevent issues such as water stagnation or backflow.

This minimum pressure is crucial because it helps maintain adequate service delivery to all consumers and ensures that fire hydrants have sufficient pressure for firefighting purposes. If the pressure falls below 20 psi, there is a risk that water may not reach the farthest points in the distribution system, leading to potential service interruptions. Additionally, water under low pressure can allow contaminants to enter the system if there are breaks or leaks.

While higher pressures may be preferred for certain applications, such as improving flow rates or reaching elevated areas, 20 psi is established as the minimum to ensure that all functional needs of the system can be met without creating significant risks of inadequate service or contamination. Thus, the understanding of this pressure requirement is critical for water operators in maintaining compliance with safety and service standards.