In disinfection contexts, which byproduct is commonly monitored for health concerns?

Trihalomethanes (THMs) are disinfection byproducts that often arise when chlorine or other disinfectants react with natural organic matter present in water. The concern surrounding THMs is primarily tied to their potential health effects. Studies have linked the ingestion of THMs in drinking water to various health risks, including an increased risk of cancer and other health issues. That is why monitoring THMs is a critical part of water quality management and regulatory compliance.

Health regulations, such as those implemented by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), set maximum contaminant levels for THMs in drinking water to protect public health. Utilities are required to regularly test for these byproducts to ensure they remain within safe limits.

While nitrogen oxides, heavy metals, and pathogens are also important to monitor in water quality, they do not typically fall under the same category of disinfection byproducts related to regulatory health concerns specifically tied to disinfection processes. Thus, THMs are particularly significant for their direct association with the byproducts of disinfectants used in water treatment.